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Coalhouse Fort is an English artillery fort built in the 1860s to guard the lower Thames from seaborne attack. It stands at Coalhouse Point in Essex on the north bank of the river, at a location near East Tilbury that was vulnerable to raiders and invaders. It was the last in a series of fortifications dating back to the 15th century and was the direct successor to a smaller mid-19th century fort on the same site. It was initially a front-line fortification, supported by Shornemead Fort and Cliffe Fort on the Kent shore. Over time, as batteries and forts further downriver became the front line of the Thames defences, its main weapons were replaced with smaller quick-firing guns intended for use against fast-moving surface and aerial targets. Its last military use was as a training facility after the Second World War. Decommissioned in 1949, the fort fell into dereliction, despite its historical and architectural significance. Its restoration has been funded in part by the Heritage Lottery Fund and the Warner Bros. film studio, which used it as a location for the opening scenes of the 2005 film Batman Begins. (Full article...)
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Virgin of the Rocks is a title given to two paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, which depict the Madonna and Christ Child with the infant John the Baptist and an angel in a rocky setting. The version generally considered the prime version hangs in the Louvre in Paris; the other, shown here, is held by the National Gallery in London. Although the paintings are similar in many ways, they differ in the gaze and right hand of the angel. as well as the colours, the lighting, the flora, and the way sfumato is used.
Painting: Leonardo da Vinci
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