begin quote from Google AI:
The association of ravens with English governance is most notably tied to the
Tower of London. According to legend, the kingdom and the Tower of London will fall if the six resident ravens ever leave the fortress.
While
ravens, like crows, have likely been present in and around the Tower
for centuries, potentially for practical reasons like scavenging, the
legend connecting them to the fate of the monarchy is generally believed
to have originated more recently:
- Traditionally attributed to King Charles II: King Charles II, who reigned from 1660 to 1685, is often cited as the first monarch to insist upon the ravens' presence and protection at the Tower. He was reportedly advised that if the ravens left, the crown and the Tower would fall.
- Victorian era theory: Some historians, including the Tower's official historian, suggest that the raven mythology may be a legend invented during the Victorian era. The earliest known reference to captive ravens at the Tower is an illustration from 1883.
Therefore, while wild ravens were likely part of the Tower's environment much earlier, the
official, protective association of captive ravens with English
governance through the legend dates back at least to the 17th century
(according to popular belief) or possibly the late 19th century
(according to some historians). The tradition of maintaining a minimum number of ravens at the Tower continues to this day.
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