The advantages of nuclear submarines is people don't usually know where they are. So, if America was struck by ANY country, soon that country would be dust from nuclear missiles from all U.S. nuclear submarines stationed at various places around the world at that moment.
ON PBS Newshour they are talking about replacements for nuclear submarines here in the U.S.
The cost will be about 1 billion dollars per new nuclear submarine (but about 100 billion when you add in the research to build one. So, they are talking about replacing them one by one with 1% of the defense budget for the U.S.
All this information was on PBS Newshour for Friday July 31st 2015.
Someone built a skateboard from the same materials used in rockets
image: http://cdn.grindtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/board-1024x715.jpg

As of late July, a new high-tech, up-cycled carbon fiber skateboard, named Aileron from 121c Boards has been available via Kickstarter.
Skateboards, they ain’t rocket science … until a rocket scientist built one. Photo: 121C Boards
The board, inspired by and made from the same materials as rockets, is the brainchild of Ryan Olliges.
When the University of Southern California engineering student started building rockets at his school’s Rocket Propulsion Lab he was just excited to be working with the technology.
But, seeing how much material was wasted during the production of these high-tech projectiles, inspired Olliges to embark on a different type of project.
The former Eagle Scout decided to try his hand at building an up-cycled, high-tech skateboard.
Olliges saw large sheets of carbon fiber being tossed into the trash after small pieces were cut off for use as fins or other rocket parts.
“I’ve always made skateboards and I thought, ‘Maybe I can take this material and press it into a couple of skateboards,’” said Olliges.
image: http://cdn.grindtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/plane-and-board-big-1024x768.jpg

He knew it would be challenging because carbon fiber needs
to be cured under heat and pressure. Creating a board out of carbon
fiber would require a hot press — a tool that applies high pressure
while also applying heat at 121 degrees Celsius, which he later aptly
named his company.
An aileron is named after the surface on the back of a wing of a fighter plane that helps the plane maneuver. Photo: 121C Boards
Olliges picked up a material donation from an aerospace industry ally.
He realized that wasting expensive, carbon fiber was not just a problem at the USC lab. It was an industry-wide problem.
Aerospace-grade carbon fiber is different than the material than you’d find on a high-end bike. The quantity of fibers/filaments in the fabric is higher — the more filaments, the stronger the fiber.
That’s one reason why complete carbon fiber boards from companies like IXO cost well over $1,000.
The carbon fiber material needed to create an Aileron costs more than $500. But, since he was saving it from the landfill, Olliges material was free. A completed Aileron from 121c, therefore, is half the cost of its competitors.
Olliges enlisted the help of one of his professor and fellow students, and created a working press. Soon enough he had produced a few prototypes.
image: http://cdn.grindtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/action.png

Aerospace-grade carbon fiber is so strong, the board is actually bulletproof.
Beta testers shredding on the Aileron. Photo: 121C Boards.
Under the auspices of testing, Olliges and co-collaborators even took the material to a shooting range. It stopped bullets from a .38. The material fared less well with bullets from an AK-47, but chances are you would never need to find out for yourself.
And the board’s benefits are more than just Superman-like bullet-stopping qualities.
“It’s way lighter than a wood skateboard and we’ve tailored the strengths so that is has a really fun flex. It’s pop-y,” said Olliges.
The decks are slated to retail for $275, but as of this writing, they’re currently available on Kickstarter for a pledge of $215. Complete sets will retail for $450 and are available on Kickstarter for $380.
image: http://cdn.grindtv.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/saving-cf-from-the-landfill.png
The
Aileron is built with pieces of aerospace-grade carbon fiber leftover
from the production process of products like rockets. Photo: 121C Boards
end quote from:
Part of what has already been happening is that GPS satellites have been turning upside down when hit with certain levels of Solar radiation during the last 20 or more years. It is possible some of the newer GPS satellites don't become dysfunctional for minutes or days or forever and unable to transmit GPS coordinates like some GPS satellites have in storms during the last 20 years or so.
Solar storm of 1859 - Wikipedia, the free...
1859’s “Great Auroral Storm”—the week the Sun...