begin quote from:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedcoding
Speedcoding
| Paradigm | structured, generic |
|---|---|
| Designed by | John Backus |
| Developer | John Backus and IBM |
| First appeared | 1953 |
| Typing discipline | strong, static, manifest |
| Influenced by | |
| Assembly language, machine code | |
| Influenced | |
| Fortran, ALGOL 58, BASIC, C, PL/I, PACT I, MUMPS, Ratfor | |
Speedcoding, Speedcode or SpeedCo was the first high-level programming language[a] created for an IBM computer.[1] The language was developed by John W. Backus in 1953 for the IBM 701 to support computation with floating point numbers.[2]
The idea arose from the difficulty of programming the IBM SSEC machine when Backus was hired to calculate astronomical positions in early 1950.[3] The speedcoding system was an interpreter and focused on ease of use at the expense of system resources. It provided pseudo-instructions for common mathematical functions: logarithms, exponentiation, and trigonometric operations. The resident software analyzed pseudo-instructions one by one and called the appropriate subroutine. Speedcoding was also the first implementation of decimal input/output operations. Although it substantially reduced the effort of writing many jobs, the running time of a program that was written with the help of Speedcoding was usually ten to twenty times that of machine code.[4] The interpreter took 310 memory words, about 30% of the memory available on a 701.[1]
See also
Notes
- Meaning symbolic and aimed at natural language expressiveness as opposed to machine or hardware instruction oriented coding.
References
- Pugh, Emerson W.; Johnson, Lyle R.; Palmer, John H. (1991). IBM's 360 and early 370 systems. MIT Press. p. 38. ISBN 0-262-16123-0.
Further reading
- IBM speedcoding system for the type 701 electronic data processing machines (PDF). New York, USA: International Business Machines Corporation. 1954 [1953-09-10]. Form 24-6059-0 (5-54:2M-W). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-07-04. Retrieved 2022-07-04. (48 pages)
- Backus, John W. (January 1954). "The IBM 701 Speedcoding System" (PDF). Journal of the ACM. 1 (1): 4–6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-05-16. Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- Backus, John W.; Harlan, Herrick (13–14 May 1954). "IBM 701 Speedcoding and Other Automatic-programming Systems". Proceedings of the Symposium on Automatic Programming for Digital Computer. Washington DC, USA: The Office of Naval Research. pp. 106–113. Retrieved 2022-07-04.
- Sammet, Jean E. (1969). Programming Languages: History and Fundamentals. Prentice-Hall.
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