Egyptian constitution 'approved' in referendum
23 December 2012 Last updated at 02:37 ET
Egyptian constitution 'approved' in referendum
Official results are not expected until Monday, after all appeals have been heard
Egyptians appear to have approved a controversial new constitution in a referendum, unofficial and preliminary results indicate.
Results reported by Egyptian state media suggest that some 63% backed the charter over two rounds of voting.Critics say the document, which has triggered mass protests, betrays the revolution that toppled Hosni Mubarak.
President Mohammed Morsi's mainly Islamist supporters say it will secure democracy and encourage stability.
Official results are not expected until Monday, after appeals are heard. If the constitution passes, parliamentary elections must take place within three months.
Turnout was put at about 30%. The opposition said voting in both rounds of voting had been marred by abuses.
Violations in the second round on Saturday ranged from polling stations opening late to Islamists seeking to influence voters, the opposition said.
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Constitution at a glance
- Sharia remains the main source of legislation
- Al-Azhar, Sunni Islam's leading authority, to be consulted on "matters related to Sharia"
- Christianity and Judaism to be the main source of legislation for Christians and Jews
- Religious freedom to be limited to Muslims, Christians and Jews
- Limits president to two four-year terms of office
On Saturday, ballots were being
cast in the 17 provinces that did not vote in the first round on 15
December. Some 25 million people were eligible to vote.
The Islamist Muslim Brotherhood movement said early on Sunday that, with most votes counted, more than 70% were in favour. The opposition National Salvation Front also said the "yes" vote appeared to have won.
In the first round, on 15 December, turnout was reported to be just above 30% with unofficial counts suggesting some 56% of those who cast ballots voted in favour of the draft.
Opponents have said the draft constitution fails to protect the freedoms and human rights that they sought in the uprising that ended Mr Mubarak's rule last year.
They accuse the president of pushing through a text that favours Islamists and does not sufficiently protect the rights of women or Christians, who make up about 10% of the population.
Egypt's official state news agency Mena said that at least two judges had been removed for encouraging voters to cast "yes" ballots.
One Egyptian, 19-year-old law student Ahmed Mohammed, said he voted "yes" because Egypt "needs a constitution to be stable".
But at the same polling station in Giza, south-west of the capital, 50-year-old housewife, Zarifa Abdul Aziz, said: "I will vote 'no' a thousand times. I am not comfortable with the Brotherhood and all that it is doing".
Outcry As voting took place on Saturday, the country's Vice-President Mahmoud Mekki announced his resignation.
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The timing of Mahmoud Mekki's resignation is both critical and
telling. Observers here say that choosing to announce his official
resignation only hours before the results of the referendum meant he did
not want to be associated with the voting process or its consequences.
There's also speculation that this resignation implies the draft constitution has already passed. Because, according to the new charter, the president is not obligated to hire a vice-president, in which case Mr Mekki was pre-empting the vote.
Mahmoud Mekki is one of the most high profile judges in Egypt. In his resignation statement he said he did not know about the decree that gave President Morsi sweeping powers in November - giving the impression that he was unhappy with not being consulted on key decisions.
Analysis
There's also speculation that this resignation implies the draft constitution has already passed. Because, according to the new charter, the president is not obligated to hire a vice-president, in which case Mr Mekki was pre-empting the vote.
Mahmoud Mekki is one of the most high profile judges in Egypt. In his resignation statement he said he did not know about the decree that gave President Morsi sweeping powers in November - giving the impression that he was unhappy with not being consulted on key decisions.
Mr Mekki, a former judge who was
appointed vice-president in August, said the "nature of politics" did
not suit his professional background.
Over the past month, seven of President Mohammed Morsi's 17 top advisers have resigned.Mr Mekki said he had tried to resign on 7 November, but his decision had been delayed by the Israeli conflict in Gaza and President Morsi's controversial decree on 22 November granting himself sweeping new powers.
Mr Mekki's resignation statement indicated he had no prior knowledge of the decree, which stripped the judiciary of powers to question the president's decisions.
After an outcry, the president revoked much of the 22 November decree, but he refused to back down on the draft constitution.
The text was rushed through by a constituent assembly dominated by Islamists and boycotted by liberal and left-wing members, and facing a threat of dissolution by the country's top court.
Egypt has seen large demonstrations by both sides, which have occasionally turned violent, ever since.
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