Saudi Arabia severs ties with Iran as Mideast protests rage
Story highlights
- Shia Muslim cleric Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr opposed the Sunni Muslim Saudi royal family
- He was executed along with 46 terrorism convicts
- In Tehran, Molotov cocktails set Saudi Arabian embassy alight
- International human rights groups condemn al-Nimr's execution
(CNN)[Breaking news alert, posted at 3:52 p.m. ET Sunday]
Saudi
Arabia is severing ties with Iran after an attack on the Saudi embassy
in Tehran, Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir told reporters Sunday.
The attack came after Saudi Arabia executed Shiite cleric Nimr al-Nimr.
[Previous story, posted at 9:16 a.m. ET Sunday]
Since
Saudi Arabia executed 47 people in one day, exasperation has poured in
from human rights activists and sectarian anger has spread in the Middle
East -- over the death of one man.
Shia
Muslim cleric Nimr al-Nimr was a fervent dissident against the Sunni
Muslim Saudi royal family and called for their deposal during the Arab
spring uprisings in 2011.
He
died on Saturday alongside 46 terrorism convicts. Later that night, in
predominantly Shia Iran, Molotov cocktails smashed into the Saudi
embassy in Tehran. Protesters shouted as it caught fire. Some went
inside and ransacked offices.
Police donned riot gear and arrested 40 people. Embassy staff was not present during the fire attack.
Iranian
President Hassan Rouhani condemned al-Nimr's execution in Saudi Arabia,
and he also blasted the attack on the Saudi embassy in Tehran and on a
Saudi consulate in another Iranian city.
"In
no way is this justifiable & foremost disrespects #Iran. All
Iranian officials are fully committed to confront these illegal acts,"
he said in a tweet.
Iran: 'Divine revenge'
Earlier,
the Iranian government had summoned the Saudi ambassador to condemn
al-Nimr's execution. Saudi Arabia returned the slap, summoning the
Iranian ambassador in Riyadh to vehemently object to Iran's
condemnation.
In Iran, the last word
belongs to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. And on Sunday, he
tweeted, "Doubtlessly, unfairly-spilled blood of oppressed martyr
#SheikhNimr will affect rapidly & Divine revenge will seize Saudi
politicians."
Al-Nimr was an outspoken critic but non-violent, Khamenei said.
The
supreme leader also posted to his website a critical illustration that
compared a Saudi Arabian executioner with an ISIS Jihadi preparing to
behead a victim. The illustration calls them "white ISIS" and "black
ISIS" and asks, "Any differences?"
Saudi Arabia and Iran are already bitter rivals. And current regional conflicts have stoke animosity between them.
In
Yemen, Saudi Arabia is fighting against Houthi rebels, who are allied
with Iran. And in Syria, Saudi Arabia advocates the overthrow of
President Bashar al-Assad, who is an ally of Tehran.
On Sunday, protesters took to the streets again in Iran, as well as in Iraq, to condemn al-Namr's execution.
Iraq: 'Topple the Saudi regime'
In
Iraq, a Shia icon directed followers to protest in front of the Saudi
Arabian embassy in Baghdad. Cleric and politician Muqtada al-Sadr also
called on Shia-dominated government to shut the embassy down.
The
47 condemned were either shot by firing squad or beheaded. Though the
Saudi government did not say how al-Nimr died, beheading has a special
meaning to Shiites, as it was the fate of a historic cleric, Imam
Husayn.
Al-Sadr
made the assumption that al-Nimr had suffered the same fate. "He was
executed with a sword, the same way ISIS scoundrels (do it)," he said.
Al-Sadr's
word carries weight with Shiites beyond Iraq's border, and the
spiritual leader called for them to protest, too -- including in Saudi
Arabia.
Iraqi Vice President Nuri
al-Maliki castigated the Saudi royal family with the dead dissident's
own wishes. "The crime of executing Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr will topple the
Saudi regime," he said.
In Lebanon,
which also suffers from the Shia-Sunni divide, the Shiite militia
Hezbollah called al-Nimr's death sentence corrupt and said his execution
amounted to assassination.
Who was Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr?
Al-Nimr was the imam of a mosque in a majority Shiite area of eastern Saudi Arabia, where people have long complained of discrimination at the hands of the Sunni majority.
Iran's
rise as a regional power in the Middle East has exacerbated those
tensions, resulting in what human rights advocates call a systematic
crackdown on minority Shiites in the kingdom.
When the Arab Spring
uprisings rolled around in 2011, al-Nimr ardently supported
anti-government protests in Saudi Arabia. He wanted the Saudi royal
family deposed but publicly advocated peaceful protests over violence.
"The weapon of the word is stronger than bullets, because authorities will profit from a battle of weapons," he told the BBC.
On
Sunday, Al-Nimr's brother, Mohammed al-Nimr, called for the cleric's
supporters to protest against his execution and to do so peacefully.
"I am calling on people not to get dragged into violence and to practice restraint and avoid bloodshed," he told CNN.
What was he convicted of?
In
2012, Saudi Arabia accused al-Nimr of fleeing authorities, ramming a
security forces vehicle and resisting arrest. His family and critics
have disputed the government's account.
Authorities
shot al-Nimr in the leg during the arrest, and his family said that he
had been denied proper treatment for his wounds during his imprisonment
-- much of which Amnesty said was spent in solitary confinement.
A
Saudi court convicted al-Nimr in 2014 after what Amnesty International
described as a "deeply flawed" trial marked by numerous irregularities.
The sheikh was not allowed to prepare a proper defense, Amnesty said.
"Eyewitnesses,
whose testimonies were the only evidence used against him, were not
brought to court to testify. This violates the country's own laws," Said
Boumedouha of Amnesty International said.
Al-Nimr
was convicted of inciting sectarian strife, sedition and breaking
allegiance with the Saudi ruler. He was sentenced to death.
U.S. criticizes Saudi Arabia
Human rights activists saw al-Nimr not as an insurgent but as a dissenter and were appalled at the sentence.
Amnesty
International said the case against him was part of a systematic effort
by the majority Sunni government to crush Shia voices.
His execution prompted the U.S. State Department to call on Saudi Arabia to respect human rights and permit peaceful dissent.
"We
are particularly concerned that the execution of (al-Nimr) risks
exacerbating sectarian tensions at a time when they urgently need to be
reduced," spokesman John Kirby said.
European
Union High Representative for Foreign Affairs Federica Mogherini said
al-Nimr's case raised "serious concerns regarding freedom of expression
and the respect of basic civil and political rights."
U.N.
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon was "deeply dismayed" by the executions
and called again for an end to the death penalty. He called on leaders
in the region to prevent an escalation of sectarian tensions.
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