“In
parallel autonomy, there is a guardian angel or driver’s education
teacher,” Dr. Pratt said. “It usually does nothing, unless you are about
to do something dumb.”
Before
joining Toyota, Dr. Pratt served as a Darpa program manager. Beginning
in 2012, he oversaw a “Grand Challenge” contest there to design
semiautonomous mobile robots capable of performing useful tasks in
disaster areas where humans would be at risk, such as the Fukushima
nuclear power plant disaster.
The
contest was won earlier this year by a South Korean-designed robot that
performed a series of tasks like driving, walking, opening doors, using
power tools and climbing stairs. Twenty-three teams participated in the
contest. However, it provided a striking contrast to science fiction
movie portrayals of robots as superhuman machines that operate with
agility, dexterity and speed.
During
the contest, the robots exhibited little autonomy, moved glacially and
often fell while doing tasks that are routinely performed by human
toddlers.
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