Year | Sunspots |
---|---|
1610 | 9 |
1620 | 6 |
1630 | 9 |
1640 | 0 |
1650 | 3 |
1660 | Some sunspots reported by Jan Heweliusz in Machina Coelestis |
1670 | 0 |
1680 | 1 huge sunspot observed by Giovanni Domenico Cassini |
The sunspot activity was then concentrated in the southern hemisphere of the Sun, except for the last cycle when the sunspots appeared in the northern hemisphere, too.
According to Spörer's law, at the start of a cycle, spots appear at ever lower latitudes until they average at about latitude 15° at solar maximum. The average then continues to drift lower to about 7° and after that, while spots of the old cycle fade, new cycle spots start appearing again at high latitudes.
The visibility of these spots is also affected by the velocity of the sun's surface rotation at various latitudes:
Solar latitude | Rotation period (days) |
---|---|
0° | 24.7 |
35° | 26.7 |
40° | 28.0 |
75° | 33.0 |
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