Hotchkiss' seven deadly sins of narcissism
Hotchkiss identified what she called the seven deadly sins of narcissism:
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- Shamelessness: Shame is the feeling that lurks beneath all unhealthy narcissism, and the inability to process shame in healthy ways.
- Magical thinking: Narcissists see themselves as perfect, using distortion and illusion known as magical thinking. They also use projection to dump shame onto others.
- Arrogance: A narcissist who is feeling deflated may reinflate by diminishing, debasing, or degrading somebody else.
- Envy: A narcissist may secure a sense of superiority in the face of another person's ability by using contempt to minimize the other person.
- Entitlement:
Narcissists hold unreasonable expectations of particularly favorable
treatment and automatic compliance because they consider themselves
special. Failure to comply is considered an attack on their superiority,
and the perpetrator is considered an "awkward" or "difficult" person.
Defiance of their will is a narcissistic injury that can trigger narcissistic rage.
- Exploitation:
Can take many forms but always involves the exploitation of others
without regard for their feelings or interests. Often the other person
is in a subservient position where resistance would be difficult or even
impossible. Sometimes the subservience is not so much real as assumed.
- Bad boundaries:
Narcissists do not recognize that they have boundaries and that others
are separate and are not extensions of themselves. Others either exist
to meet their needs or may as well not exist at all. Those who provide narcissistic supply
to the narcissist are treated as if they are part of the narcissist and
are expected to live up to those expectations. In the mind of a
narcissist, there is no boundary between self and other.
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