| Washington Post | - |
President
Obama said Thursday he will keep 5,500 U.S. troops in Afghanistan into
2017, ending his ambitions to bring home most American forces from that
war-torn country before he leaves office.
Obama outlines plan to keep 5,500 troops in Afghanistan
At
a news conference Thursday, Oct. 15, President Obama says the U.S. will
maintain 9,800 troops in Afghanistan through most of 2016 and will not
go down to a normal embassy presence by the end of 2016, but instead
will keep 5,500 troops at a small number of bases. (AP)
The president‘s decision came after an extensive months-long review that included regular discussions with Afghanistan’s leaders, his national security team and U.S. commanders in the field. The move reflected a painful, if predictable, reality on the ground in Afghanistan, where the Taliban has seized new territory over the last year as Afghan troops have taken over the vast majority of the fighting.
“Afghan forces are still not as strong as they need to be,” Obama said Thursday morning from the White House, explaining his decision. “Meanwhile, the Taliban has made gains particularly in rural areas and can still launch deadly attacks in cities, including Kabul.”
Obama said he will also dramatically slow the pace of the reduction of American forces and plans to maintain the current U.S. force of 9,800 through “most of 2016.” The post-2016 force would still be focused on training and advising the Afghan army, with a special emphasis on its elite counterterror forces. The United States would also maintain a significant counterterrorism capability of drones and Special Operations forces to strike al-Qaeda and other militants who may be plotting attacks against the United States.
”The bottom line is that in key areas of the country, the security situation is still very fragile, and in some places there’s risk of deterioration,” Obama said.
The president praised the Afghan government, under the leadership of President Ashraf Ghani, as a willing partner, and he lauded the Afghan troops, who have taken significant casualties. Both were critical factors in his decision to keep U.S. troops in the country.
“Every single day, Afghan forces are out there fighting and dying to protect their country,” Obama said. “They are not looking to us do it for them.”
The president insisted that his decision to abandon his plans to bring home U.S. troops was not a “disappointment,” even as he acknowledged nation’s war weariness after more than 14 years of fighting in Afghanistan and Iraq. “I do not support the idea of endless war,” he said.
His decision to keep troops in Afghanistan follows the surprising collapse of much of the U.S.-trained Iraqi army last summer under pressure from Islamic State militants. Republican critics have charged that Obama withdrew troops too quickly from Iraq, precipitating the collapse of the Iraq Army and the rise of the Islamic State.
The president didn’t mention the Iraqi failures in his statement from the White House. White House officials said the collapse of Iraqi forces didn’t influence Obama’s decision, and that the two situations weren’t comparable because the Afghan government was eager to maintain a long-term U.S. presence. Such conditions didn’t exist in Iraq.
In Ghazni province, where Afghan forces are locked in a bloody fight with the Taliban, Gen. Sayed Malok called it a “good decision at the moment, but a temporary solution.” He called for a more robust effort to train and equip Afghan forces.
The decision is a significant departure from the exit plan that Obama announced in a White House Rose Garden speech in May 2014. In keeping with his promise to “turn the page” on the costly wars launched by his predecessor, Obama said then that he would reduce the U.S. footprint to around 1,000 troops, all based in Kabul, by the end of 2016.
It is also a stark illustration of how persistent militant threats have stood in the way of Obama’s promises to end the ground wars that have dominated U.S. foreign policy since the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.
In addition to a resurgent Taliban, al-Qaeda appears to have staked out new ground in Afghanistan, far from the group’s mountain enclaves along the Pakistan border. Last week, U.S. forces launched a major operation against al-Qaeda in Kandahar, launching 63 airstrikes on militant training bases.
Administration officials portrayed the decision as a natural extension of a strategy that was making progress, rather than an indication that the president’s original plan had failed.
“I don’t think anyone ever intended that the job, so to speak, would be finished” despite Obama’s timetable, said Lisa Monaco, a senior White House official. “We always said that we would continue to have a presence there.”
Under the new plan, the U.S. military will retain bases in Kabul, as planned, but also have forces at Bagram air base and at bases outside Kandahar and Jalalabad, the largest cities in Afghanistan’s southern and eastern regions.
Obama emphasized that Afghans would continue to take the lead role in the fighting, with Americans providing advice and some counterterrorism support from bases outside Kabul. “These bases will give us the presence and the reach our forces require to achieve their mission,” he said.
The larger force of 5,500 troops is projected to cost about $15 billion a year, or about $5 billion more than the smaller, 1,000-person Kabul-based force would have cost.
Although U.S. deaths have fallen off dramatically in recent years, the change may also mean more U.S. casualties. So far this year, 25 American service members and civilians have been killed in the country.
Obama emphasized that the relatively small American military presence, down from 100,000 at the war’s peak, wouldn’t decide the war’s outcome, and emphasized that peace talks offered the sole viable solution to the long, bloody civil war.
“By now, it should be clear to the Taliban and all who oppose Afghanistan’s progress, the only real way to achieve the full drawdown of U.S. and foreign troops from Afghanistan is through a lasting political settlement with the Afghan government,” Obama said.
Read more:
In Afghanistan, the art of fighting extremism
Afghans who once watched war from afar forced to flee as front lines shift
Afghan forces straining to keep the Taliban at bay
Greg Jaffe covers the White House for The Washington Post, where he has been since March 2009.
Missy Ryan writes about the Pentagon, military issues, and national security for The Washington Post.
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