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List of emperors of Tibet The traditional list of the ancient ... A unified Tibetan state did not exist before the times of the kings number 31, 32, and 33.

List of emperors of Tibet

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The traditional list of the ancient Tibetan rulers consists of 42 names.^[1] The first 26 rulers may belong to the realm of legend, as there is insufficient evidence of their existence, but modern scholars believe that the kings from no. 27 to no. 32 were historical.^[2] The rulers from no. 33 to no. 42 are well documented in many reliable Tibetan, Chinese and foreign sources.
A unified Tibetan state did not exist before the times of the kings number 31, 32, and 33. The earlier rulers, known as the Yarlung dynasty, were probably just local chiefs in the Yarlung Valley area, certainly not emperors of Tibet.^[3]
Traditional Tibetan titles for the emperor include tsenpo ("Emperor") and lhase ("Divine Son").^[4]
In the list the common transliteration is given first, the academic one in brackets.

Number	Name	Reign
1	Nyatri Tsenpo (gNya'-khri bTsan-po)	127–? BCE
2	Mutri Tsenpo (Mu-khri bTsan-po)
3	Dingtri Tsenpo (Ding-khri bTsan-po)
4	Sotri Tsenpo (So-khri bTsan-po)
5	Mertri Tsenpo (Mer-khri bTsan-po)
6	Dakrri Tsenpo (gDags-khri bTsan-po)
7	Siptri Tsenpo (Sribs-khri bTsan-po)
8	Drigum Tsenpo (Gri-gum bTsan-po)
9	Chatri Tsenpo
10	Esho Lek (E-sho-legs)
11	Desho Lek (De-sho-legs)
12	Tisho Lek (Thi-sho-legs)
13	Guru Lek (Gu-ru-legs)
14	Trongzhi Lek ('Brong-zhi-legs)
15	Isho Lek (I-sho-legs)
16	Zanam Zindé (Za-nam Zin-lde)
17	Detrul Namshungtsen (lDe-'phrul gnam-gzhung-btsan)
18	Senöl Namdé (Se-snol gNam-lde)
19	Senöl Podé (Se-snol Po-lde)
20	Senöl Nam (lDe-snol-nam)
21	Senöl Po (lDe-snol-po)
22	Degyel Po (lDe-rgyal-po)
23	Detrin Tsen (lDe-sprin-btsan)
24	Tori Longtsen (rGyal-to-ri Long-btsan)
25	Tritsen Nam (Su-khri bTsan-nam)
26	Tridra Pungtsen
27	Tritog Jetsen (Khri-rje Thog-btsan)
28	Lha Thothori Nyantsen (lHa-tho-tho-ri gNyan-btsan)
29	Trinyen Zungtsen (Khri-gnyan gZung-btsan)
30	Drongnyen Deu ('Bro-gnyan lDe'u)
31	Tagbu Nyasig (sTag-ri gNyan-gzigs)	579–619
32	Namri Songtsen (gNam-ri Srong-btsan)	?–629
33	Songtsen Gampo (Srong-btsan sGam-po)	618–649
34	Gungsrong Gungtsen (Gung-srong gung-btsan)	638–655?
35	Mangsong Mangtsen	653–676
36	Tridu Songtsen	676–704
37	Me Agtsom (Khri-lde-gtsug-brtsan)	680–743
38	Trisong Detsen	755–797
39	Muné Tsenpo	797–799?
40	Sadnalegs	c. 800 or 804–815?
41	Ralpacan	815–836
42	Langdarma	836–842

Notes

Haarh, Erik: Extract from "The Yar Lun Dynasty", in: The History of Tibet, ed. Alex McKay, Vol. 1, London 2003, p. 144.

Samten Karmay, in McKay 2003, pg. 57

References

McKay, Alex (ed.). Tibet and Her Neighbors: A History (2003) Walther Konig. ISBN 3-88375-718-7

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Haarh, Erik: Extract from "The Yar Lun Dynasty", in: The History of Tibet, ed. Alex McKay, Vol. 1, London 2003, p. 147; Richardson, Hugh: The Origin of the Tibetan Kingdom, in: The History of Tibet, ed. Alex McKay, Vol. 1, London 2003, p. 159 (and list of kings p. 166-167).

Kirkland, Russell: The Spirit of the Mountain, in: The History of Tibet, ed. Alex McKay, Vol. 1, London 2003, p. 183.

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