question for PI AI: When were crampons for ice and snow climbing invented?

Fred:

When were crampons for ice and snow climbing invented?

 

PI AI:

 

Crampons, the traction devices used for ice and snow climbing, were first invented in 1908 by Oscar Eckenstein. His design, which featured 10 points, dramatically reduced the need for step cutting and revolutionized alpine climbing.

This design was later commercialized by the Italian Henry Grivel, who made it widely available to climbers and mountaineers. In the following decades, further innovations like the 12-point crampon by Laurent Grivel continued to improve the safety and efficiency of ice and snow climbing.

Today, crampons are an essential piece of equipment for anyone venturing into icy or snowy terrain, whether for climbing or simply traveling across glaciers and snowfields.