Wednesday, November 12, 2014

October 2014: Ebola challenge biggest since AIDS

"Biggest health challenge since Aids"
9 October 2014 Last updated at 16:26 ET

Ebola challenge 'biggest since HIV/Aids' - US

US public health director Thomas Frieden: "This is controllable and this was preventable"

Ebola outbreak

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa is unlike anything since the emergence of HIV/Aids, top US medical official Thomas Frieden has said.
A fast global response could ensure that it did not become "the next Aids," the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said.
The presidents of Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea appealed for more aid to help fight the disease.
The outbreak has killed more than 3,860 people, mainly in West Africa.
More than 200 health workers are among the victims.
Elsewhere:
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Electron micrograph image of Ebola virus Scientists are racing to understand - and combat - the Ebola virus
How not to catch Ebola
  • Avoid direct contact with sick patients
  • Wear goggles to protect eyes
  • Clothing and clinical waste should be incinerated and any medical equipment that needs to be kept should be decontaminated
  • People who recover from Ebola should abstain from sex or use condoms for three months
Why Ebola is so dangerous
How Ebola attacks
Ebola: Mapping the outbreak
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'Our people dying' At the meeting in Washington, Dr Frieden described Ebola as one of the biggest crises he had seen in his career.
"I would say that in the 30 years I've been working in public health, the only thing like this has been Aids," he said.
The presidents of Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea - the three countries worst affected by Ebola - appealed for more aid.
"Our people are dying," Sierra Leone's leader Ernest Bai Koroma said, adding that the world was not responding fast enough as children were being orphaned.
Fears have heightened that the deadly virus could be spreading further afield
On Thursday, a Liberian doctor died of the disease at a treatment centre in Monrovia, health officials said.
Ugandan-born John Taban Dada had been working at the country's largest hospital, the John F Kennedy Memorial Center, his former colleagues said.
His death brings to four the number of doctors who have died in Liberia since the outbreak.
Workers put the finishing touches to an Ebola virus treatment centre in Monrovia, Liberia. Photo: 9 October 2014 Liberia has been one of the worst affected countries
Meanwhile, Ms Romero is now being helped with her breathing in hospital in Spain, according to her brother. Two doctors who treated her have also been admitted for observation.
Nigerian success? The EU has announced plans for a system to evacuate international staff from Ebola-infected countries if they show signs of the disease.
The evacuation system will allow patients to be flown within 48 hours to European hospitals "that are equipped to deal with the disease," a statement from the European commission said.
The move is expected to make it easier to deploy European medical workers to combat the crisis in West Africa.
Nigeria's government says 200 healthcare workers have volunteered to be sent to Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea as part of a global response team on Ebola.
Nigeria, which has had seven confirmed deaths from the virus, seems to have successfully contained the spread of the haemorrhagic fever, the BBC's Chris Ewokor in Abuja says.

Ebola facts

Source: NHS and World Health Organization
People can catch Ebola if they are in direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person or animal
Early symptoms include fever, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhoea and bleeding, sometimes from the eyes and mouth
The current outbreak started in March in west Africa, where the worst-affected countries include Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia
It is thought unlikely that the disease would spread if it did come to the UK because quarantine and communications are more developed than in parts of western Africa
There is no licensed Ebola vaccine but treatments are in development
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INTERACTIVE
Graphic showing the equipment medical workers treating ebola patients have to wear Surgical cap
 Goggles
 Medical mask
 Scrubs
 Overalls
 Apron
 Double gloves
 Boots
 Respirator

  • Protective Ebola suit

    × health worker with protective ebola suit

  • Surgical cap

    ×
    The cap forms part of a protective hood covering the head and neck. It offers medical workers an added layer of protection, ensuring that they cannot touch any part of their face whilst in the treatment centre.

  • Goggles

    ×
    Goggles, or eye visors, are used to provide cover to the eyes, protecting them from splashes. The goggles are sprayed with an anti-fogging solution before being worn. On October 21, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced stringent new guidelines for healthcare personnel who may be dealing with Ebola patients. In the new guidelines, health workers are advised to use a single use disposable full face shield as goggles may not provide complete skin coverage.

  • Medical mask

    ×
    Covers the mouth to protect from sprays of blood or body fluids from patients. When wearing a respirator, the medical worker must tear this outer mask to allow the respirator through.

  • Respirator

    ×
    A respirator is worn to protect the wearer from a patient's coughs. According to guidelines from the medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), the respirator should be put on second, right after donning the overalls.

  • Medical Scrubs

    ×
    A surgical scrub suit, durable hospital clothing that absorbs liquid and is easily cleaned, is worn as a baselayer underneath the overalls. It is normally tucked into rubber boots to ensure no skin is exposed.

  • Overalls

    ×
    The overalls are placed on top of the scrubs. These suits are similar to hazardous material (hazmat) suits worn in toxic environments. The team member supervising the process should check that the equipment is not damaged.

  • Double gloves

    ×
    A minimum two sets of gloves are required, covering the suit cuff. When putting on the gloves, care must be taken to ensure that no skin is exposed and that they are worn in such a way that any fluid on the sleeve will run off the suit and glove. Medical workers must change gloves between patients, performing thorough hand hygiene before donning a new pair. Heavy duty gloves are used whenever workers need to handle infectious waste.

  • Apron

    ×
    A waterproof apron is placed on top of the overalls as a final layer of protective clothing.

  • Boots

    ×
    Ebola health workers typically wear rubber boots, with the scrubs tucked into the footwear. If boots are unavailable, workers must wear closed, puncture and fluid-resistant shoes.
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